Introduction+to+E-Learning

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= Introduction to E-Learning =

What is E-Learning?
==[[Module 1#Is%20E-Learning%20Something%20Completely%20New|Is E-Learning Something  Completely New?]]== ==[[Module 1#How%20Can%20Your%20Company%20Benefit%20from%20E-Learning|How Can Your Company  Benefit from E-Learning?]]==

Employees and E-Learning
==[[Module 1#E-Learning%20as%20a%20Business%20Tool|E-Learning as a Business  Tool]]== ==[[Module 1#Company%20with%20a%20Small%20Budget%20and%20e-Learning|Company with a Small Budget  and E-Learning]]==

How Many Students are Learning Online?
==[[Module 1#Are%20Learning%20Outcomes%20in%20Online%20Courses%20are%20Comparable%20to%20Face-to-Face|Are Learning Outcomes in Online Courses are Comparable to  Face-to-Face]]?==

What is the Impact of the Economy on Online Education?
==[[Module 1#What%20are%20Typical%20Barriers%20for%20Implementing%20e-Learning|What are Typical Barriers for  Implementing E-Learning]]?== ==[[Module 1#What%20does%20E-Learning%20Need%20From%20Your%20Management%20Team|What does E-Learning Need from  Your Management Team]]?==

Do You Need to Eliminate Your Classroom Training?
==[[Module 1#What%20are%20the%20Basic%20Styles%20for%20E-Learning|What are the Basic Styles  for E-Learning]]?==

Assignments
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= Introduction =

Let's go!
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==The Singularity is the technological creation of smarter-than-human intelligence by means of technologies as artificial Intelligence, direct brain-computer interfaces, biological augmentation of the brain, genetic engineering, and ultra-high-resolution scans of the brain followed by computer emulation.== ==In 1965, I.J. (Jack) Good, a British mathematician and cryptologist who worked with Alan Turing during and after World War II, proposed that machines would one day be smart enough to make themselves smarter. Having made themselves smarter, they would spot still further opportunities for improvement, quickly leaving human intelligence far behind. He called this the "intelligence explosion." In 1950, Turing test was designed to be a way of determining whether or not a computer counts as "intelligent". ==

==Vernor Vinge, a retired San Diego State University Professor of Mathematics, originally coined the term "Singularity" in his 1993 essay "The Coming Technological Singularity," in which he argues that the creation of superhuman artificial intelligence will mark the point at which "the human era will be ended," such that no current models of reality are sufficient to predict beyond it. "Within thirty years, we will have the technological means to create superhuman intelligence. Shortly after, the human era will be ended."==

//Vernor Vinge - computer scientist, and science fiction author.//
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Michio Kaku is an American futurist, theoretical physicist and popularizer of science. Dr. Kaku is a Professor of Theoretical Physics at the City College of New York.
==How do you think the humans could survive the singularity? Combining with the machines? or developing natural techniques such as meditation to make the human mind to progress to unlimited levels? According to Dr. Kaku, we should embrace singularity.==

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Read more at Future of Technology
== Sophia, a robot integrating the latest technologies and artificial intelligence was developed by Hanson Robotics. ==

Deep learning will help us do more than play games.
==In the future, as technology transforms, we will find effortless ways to transfer knowledge and skills at some point. But as appealing as that is, we need to accept the fact we're just not there yet. In the meantime, the question should be: while it's still necessary for learners to do their own learning, how can we best facilitate the process?==

==We're still quite certain that much of human learning is centralized in the brain and that information gets to the brain through our nervous system from our senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, and through kinesthesia (awareness of the position and movement of body parts that is essential in coordinated activity). We also remain confident that meaningful learning is a function of connecting new information to existing knowledge and physical skills established through experience and practiced application. We understand that it takes energy to learn and that learners must spend this energy themselves; we cannot learn for them" (//Allen, M. (2016). Michael Allen's Guide to e-Learning: Building Interactive, Fun, and Effective Learning Programs for Any Company//).==

According to Ray Kurzweil, an American author, futurist, and inventor, the best thing you can do is pursue your passion.
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= What is e-Learning? = ==E-learning (electronic learning) is a term covering a wide set of applications and processes, such as Web-based learning, computer-based learning, virtual classrooms, and digital collaboration. It includes the delivery of content mainly via Internet, but also can be audio and video, satellite broadcast, mobile and more.==

==There are many different terms which are used interchangeably: //e-learning,// //distance education, distance learning, distance training, online// //education,// //online// //learning,// //online// //training,// //technology-based training, computer-based training, computer-based education, Web-based training, and Internet-based training.//==

Open SUNY (State University of New York) Online Degrees
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=[[#Is E-Learning Something  Completely New]] Is E-Learning Something Completely New? =

Vintage Correspondence Course Ads




== 1920s - over 4 million US citizens – far more than attended traditional colleges – were enrolled in correspondence courses, covering hundreds of practical job-oriented topics, with a completion rate under 3%.==



== 1922 - New York University operated its own radio station and planed to broadcast practically all its subjects. Other schools joined in, including Columbia, Harvard, Kansas State, Ohio State, Purdue, etc. Students used to read textbooks, listen to lectures on radio and mail in the answers to tests and assignments. By 1940 radio courses had virtually disappeared.==

1951 - the Australian [|School of the Air] has used two-way shortwave radio to teach school children in remote locations.
====



From 1960s till today, the new technology started to emerge:

 * ==Video courses==
 * ==Audio courses==
 * ==Computer-based, self-paced training (text-based and with multimedia)==
 * ==E-learning via the Internet.==

== 1969 — the Open University was founded in the UK. The Open University revitalized distance education by combining correspondence instruction, broadcasting and publishing, residential short courses and support services at local and regional levels. Today, the Open University also offers online courses and has a strong community of students in many countries.==

By 1994 - hundreds of colleges had distance education undergraduate degree programs, and there were 150 leading to advanced degrees.
@http://en.hellochina.com/

===In 2003, Hello China attempted to teach a free English course for 4 million Chinese students who were preparing for business degrees via mobile phone, web, and radio, the course was open for everyone who had access to a radio or the Internet. ===

Read more here
==Today delivery costs [of e-learning courses] dropped, but the capabilities of the delivery systems are greatly expanded to include video, animation, instantaneous searches of live data, portability, and so much more. We now can provide excellent learning opportunities to all learners around the world at a very low cost (//Allen M. (2016). Michael Allen's Guide to e-Learning: Building Interactive, Fun, and Effective Learning Programs for Any Company//).==

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= How Can a Company Benefit from E-Learning? =

Employees can learn:

 * ==without traveling to class==
 * ==at their convenience==
 * ==based on their learning styles: Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic & Tactile.==

E-learning provides for a company:

 * == Cost saving — cost of education can be dramatically reduced.==
 * == Learning quality – e-learning can be more flexible (learning at a convenient time, learning spread over weeks, etc.) and can even provide a higher quality of learning.==
 * == Rapid training roll-out **— e-learning can be delivered quickly across the organization. F**or example, engineers and programmers are expected to learn fundamentally new skills every couple of years.==

= E-Learning Models = >
 * == Technical Training —you can teach how to use Microsoft Access and Excel, or C++, or how to be a System Administrator. This type of training can include: self-study parts, instructor-led parts, and simulation parts.==
 * == Professional Skills Training —you can teach negotiating, running meetings,  coaching, and team dynamics skills to students. This type of training can be self-study (for knowledge transfer) and instructor-led (for skills transfer).==
 * == New-Job-Role Training —you can teach employees how to perform a new job role. New managers, “new hires” generally require new knowledge and new skills. It can be partly self-study and partly interactive where the students work with an instructor and/or with other students.==
 * == “Update” Training – You can update employees who have already been trained on the latest state-of-the-art developments. It can be self-study or instructor-led.==
 * == “Tip of the Iceberg” **Training** – when employee needs to know “a little” about a topic but doesn’t need to become an expert. For example, a technical employee can learn the basics of marketing, a project manager – the basics of database, etc. It can be self-study or instructor-led.==

Here are some examples of profession-specific and industry-specific topics:
> > > = Employees and e-Learning =
 * ==At his financial services job, as an office administrator, Zach has 5 required courses annually all delivered via modules in the learning center on the company’s intranet. He gets training on anti-money laundering courses, harassment in the workplace, electronic communications, and privacy awareness. He can choose training throughout the year and will receive raises for his efforts. Topics to choose from include product training (equities, annuities, life insurance, etc.), new system developments or changes to existing ones, how to do business plans, how to be more efficient in the branch, and more.==
 * ==As an account representative, Emily at Custom Resources Fundraising receives sales training specific to her target market. She is educated on the fundraising programs, percent of profits, and which fundraisers will work best for her prospects and customers. She receives training on how to use Outlook with Contact Manager and how to use Access and Word to merge database information. Additionally, she learns how to use Quickbooks to create invoices for her orders.==
 * ==For his new direct sales opportunity, Hunter can log into the company’s website and get e-training on getting his business started: setting goals, time management, booking in-home presentations, how to recruit new associates, and financial management for his new independent business opportunity.==
 * ==Research shows that e-learning works just as well as classroom learning.==
 * ==Some employees may find it difficult to learn in e-learning environment.==
 * ==Some things can be more effective when done in a classroom environment. For example, lab exercises which need access to real hardware.==

=[[#E-Learning as a Business  Tool]] E-Learning as a Business  Tool = =Learning for learning's sake doesn’t happen in businesses. Your company is not the university environment, and e-learning training is mainly aimed to support the goals of your business; e-learning has to make your company more competitive.= =For example:=
 * =you teach C++ because your employees need it to improve their work skills=
 * =teaching negotiation skills your employees improves your company’s customer support=
 * =learning about the new product helps your employees to sell your company’s product better.=

==[[#Company with a Small Budget  and e-Learning]] Company with a Small Budget  and e-Learning ==
 * ==E-learning doesn't always require a large budget.==
 * ==If you have a small budget, you should look at "renting" or "leasing" entire e-learning solution instead of building one. Or you might consider "renting" a part of your e-learning solution and building only part of it.==
 * ==There are many learning vendors who have e-learning courseware available from their web sites. You can contact one of them to deliver e-learning course to your employees.==
 * ==There are different ways to deliver e-learning inexpensive way. You can use a free learning management system as Schoology or Google Apps for education.==

= Classroom Courses vs. E-Learning = ==The traditional learning solution involves gathering everyone in a classroom and presenting the material. It might be a simple presentation-style lecture class or a full-blown class with lectures, hands-on exercises, and group projects.==

These traditional solutions have drawbacks:
==Earlier technologies for learning at a distance included CD-ROMs, audiotapes, and videotapes. However, in recent years the Internet became most popular e-learning delivery solution because of accessibility, familiarity, and convenience.==
 * ==The time it takes to gather all employees in a classroom.==
 * ==The high cost of reaching all of the employees.==

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= What is the Impact of the Economy on Online Education? =
 * ==The bad economic times can be good for higher education enrollments==
 * ==The decreased availability of good jobs encourages more people to seek education==
 * ==Employed individuals seek to improve their chances for advancement by advancing their education.==
 * ==The economic impact on institutional budgets has been mixed: 47% have seen their budgets decrease, but 27% have experienced an increase.==

=[[#What are Typical Barriers for  Implementing e-Learning]] What are Typical Barriers for Implementing e-Learning? =

Budget – in many companies, training budgets are set years in advance, and the funding is allocated for traditional training. As you move to e-learning, you’ll find that there are new costs.
=[[#What does E-Learning Need From  Your Management Team]] What does E-Learning Need From Your Management Team? =

Support – some students need management encouragement to keep up their motivation.
= How Critical is Leading-Edge Technology to E-Learning? = ==Using leading-edge technology is important but not critical. With a strong instruction design, you can make even an e-mail-based correspondence course work effectively. With a weak instructional design, you won’t be able to make the jazziest virtual classroom work effectively. Furthermore, in e-learning and in everything else, fancier things usually cost more than simple things.==

Classroom training does not conflict with e-learning. You can blend together classroom and e-learning.
=[[#How will Your Employees  Respond to e-Learning]] How will Your Employees Respond to e-Learning? =
 * == Difference - E-learning feels different from traditional face-to-face learning experiences.==
 * == Unfamiliarity –some students will find it difficult to adjust to the new learning situation.==
 * == Lack of self-motivation –for some people it is hard to stay motivated while they’re learning away from a classroom.==
 * == Lack of time – one can’t take e-learning course and work. Some companies might expect their employees to take the courses before or after work.==
 * == Feeling of isolation – students can feel isolated without immediate presence of the teacher and other students.==
 * == Feeling of going against company culture --"Let me interrupt you for just a few minutes about an urgent work problem," says the manager while the employee is trying to take an e-learning course at her desk.==

=[[#How does Student Motivation  Affect e-Learning]] How does Student Motivation Affect E-Learning? =

Some key student motivations include:

 * ==The course teaches something that is critical to doing the immediate job.==
 * ==The student is working toward a certification or a degree.==
 * ==The student is required by management to prove that they completed a course.==

=[[#How will Instructors Respond  to e-Learning]] How will Instructors Respond to E-Learning? =

You should take into consideration the following global considerations:

 * == Language –students from different countries speak different languages. You have two choices – translate your course or adapt it for the foreign students.==
 * == Time zone -- when it’s 8AM in New York, it’s 9PM in Tokyo. The solution is to emphasize some asynchronous communication: bulletin board messages, e-mail, etc.==
 * == Cultural differences – for example, humor.==

=[[#What Are the Basic Styles  for e-Learning]] What are the Basic Styles for E-Learning? =

3. Asynchronous learning

 * ==**Synchronous learning-**-a real-time, instructor-led online learning event in which all participants are logged on at the same time and communicate directly with each other. In this virtual classroom setting, the instructor maintains control of the class, with the ability to "call on" participants. In most platforms, students and teachers can use a whiteboard to see work in progress and share knowledge. Interaction may also occur via audio- or videoconferencing, Internet telephony, or two-way live broadcasts.==
 * ==**Self-directed learning**--a student works alone based on the material delivered over the Internet. There is no instructor or group of peer students to communicate with.==
 * ==**Asynchronous learning**--learning in which interaction between instructors and students occurs intermittently with a time delay. Examples are self-paced courses taken via the Internet, Q & A, mentoring, online discussion groups, and email.==

=What is a blended course?= ==Learning events that combine aspects of online and face-to-face instruction. Students will spend half the time in a traditional classroom. The other half of the time students will be outside of the classroom using a computer to participate in online learning activities, assignments, discussion and email, and assessments.==



= E-Learning Examples =

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[|Concepts for Object-Oriented Programming]
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Articulate 360
= Summary =
 * ==E-learning is learning that uses computer technology, usually via the Internet.==
 * ==E-learning enables employees to learn at their work/home computer without traveling to a classroom.==
 * ==E-learning can be a scheduled session with an instructor or it can be an on-demand course.==
 * ==Employees can learn without traveling to class—you can save on travel costs.==
 * ==Employees can learn at their convenience.==
 * ==Employees can learn based on their learning styles.==
 * ==Research shows that e-learning works as well as classroom learning. It is safe to say that in 5-10 years all companies are good candidates for using e-learning.==
 * ==You could spend hundreds, or you could spend multimillions.==
 * ==The cost components for e-learning include the courseware, the course delivery expenses (including instructors), marketing/promotional communications with the students, administration and support expenses.==
 * ==The size and complexity of your training problem influencing your e-learning costs.==
 * ==An e-learning success has to be thought in business terms, not training terms.==
 * ==Barriers in implementing e-learning in you company might include people’s resistance to any kind of change, new technology, and budget constrains.==
 * ==You management should keep realistic expectations, provide leadership and support.==
 * ==Using leading-edge technology is important but not critical.  If your e-learning has global reach, you should consider: language, time zones, and Cultural differences (for example, humor).==

= References =

Essentials of Online Course Design - @http://www.marjorievai.com/WEBSITE-CONTENTS.html
